Leena Watts
The IBD-AID diet is a nutritional approach to managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by adjusting the types and textures of food consumed based on the severity of symptoms. The diet is divided into three phases, each focusing on foods that are easier or harder to digest depending on the patient's current symptoms. The IBD-AID diet aims to restore the balance of gut bacteria, promote good nutrition, and reduce inflammation. While it has shown promising results, especially in children with Crohn's disease, individual results may vary, and it is important to consult a specialised dietitian or doctor before starting any new diet.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Goal | To restore balance between helpful and harmful gut bacteria while promoting good nutrition |
| Basis | The principles of nutrition and the immune system, and current research on the human microbiome |
| Number of Phases | 3 |
| Phase 1 | Soft and easy-to-digest foods like smoothies, pureed soups and vegetables, yogurt, miso, and ground lean meats |
| Phase 2 | Introduce more soft foods with fiber, like cooked vegetables, pureed beans, and nut butters |
| Phase 3 | Eat a wider variety of foods, such as stir-fried vegetables and meats, whole beans, and cooked apples |
| Effectiveness | Research has shown that IBD-AID is effective in managing symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease |
| Individual Results May Vary | Yes, as each person’s ability to tolerate foods will be different |
| Precautions | Discuss with your doctor or dietitian before starting the diet |
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What You'll Learn
The IBD-AID diet's three phases
The IBD-AID diet is founded on the principles of nutrition and the immune system, and it is updated with current research on the human microbiome. Research has shown that IBD patients have an imbalance of gut bacteria, which contributes to inflammation. The IBD-AID diet has three phases designed to help patients progress toward the ultimate goal of maintaining remission.
Phase 1 is to be followed during an IBD flare, when symptoms are severe, or after a hospital stay. It involves eating soft and easy-to-digest foods like smoothies, pureed soups, vegetables, yogurt, miso, and ground lean meats. Foods to avoid in this phase include fiber and hard-to-digest foods, such as refined carbohydrates and dairy.
Phase 2 is for when symptoms have improved but are still present. In this phase, more soft foods with fiber are introduced, such as cooked vegetables, pureed beans, and nut butters. It is important to increase your intake of probiotics and stay hydrated. While more fiber is introduced, it is still important to avoid foods that are very high in fiber or fat.
Phase 3 is for when you are in remission and feeling stronger. In this phase, a wider variety of foods can be eaten, such as stir-fried vegetables and meats, whole beans, and cooked apples. It is important to continue monitoring how your body reacts and make adjustments as needed. Some stomach discomfort is normal when trying new foods, but the diet should not worsen your symptoms.
It is important to note that the phases build upon each other, and foods from earlier phases can also be included in later phases. Additionally, individual tolerance to foods may vary, so it is important to work with a dietitian to determine which foods should be included or removed from your diet based on your specific needs and tolerance.
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Foods to avoid
The IBD-AID diet is designed to help manage inflammatory bowel disease symptoms by adjusting the types and textures of food based on the severity of symptoms. The diet is divided into three phases, each focusing on foods that are easier or harder to digest, depending on the individual's current symptoms.
Phase 1
During an IBD flare, when symptoms are severe, or following a hospitalization, it is recommended to eat soft and easy-to-digest foods. It is advised to avoid eating fibre and hard-to-digest foods, such as refined carbohydrates and dairy.
Phase 2
In this phase, symptoms have improved but are still present. More soft foods with fibre are introduced, such as cooked vegetables, pureed beans, and nut butters. It is recommended to avoid foods that are very high in fibre or fat.
Across All Phases
The IBD-AID diet emphasizes avoiding certain foods that may disturb normal gut flora and trigger inflammation. These include:
- Trans fats: Found in store-bought baked goods and anything containing "partially hydrogenated oil".
- Irritating food additives: Such as carrageenan, maltodextrin, polysorbate 80, and carbosymethylcellulose.
- Refined sugars: Including table sugar (sucrose), high-fructose corn syrup, and corn syrup.
- Grains: With the exception of oats, which can be beneficial for people with IBD. Wheat, corn, and rice should be avoided.
- Fast food and processed foods: Including chips, frozen meals, and sugary cereals.
- Foods containing lactose: Such as dairy products.
- Pro-inflammatory carbohydrates: Such as refined carbohydrates, which can disturb gut flora and trigger flares.
It is important to note that each person's ability to tolerate foods will vary, and it is normal to experience some stomach discomfort when introducing new foods. If symptoms worsen, it is advised to consult a healthcare provider or dietitian for individualized advice.
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Foods to eat
The IBD-AID diet is divided into three phases, each of which focuses on foods that are easier or harder to digest depending on the current symptoms. The diet aims to reduce inflammation and balances gut bacteria to manage inflammatory bowel disease.
The IBD-AID diet recommends eating a variety of fruits and vegetables, which are rich in micronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and fiber. These can be eaten whole, blended, or cooked, depending on your gut's tolerance.
Phase 1 includes soft or pureed foods like soups and yogurt during flares.
Phase 2 adds more cooked vegetables, such as soft greens (butter lettuce, cooked collard greens, baby spinach without stems), well-cooked lean meats and poultry, aged cheeses, nut butters, tomatoes, and pureed beans/lentils.
Phase 3 allows for a wider variety of foods, including raw veggies, fruits, nuts, stir-fried vegetables, meats, whole beans, and cooked apples.
It is important to note that the diet emphasizes the avoidance of certain carbohydrates and foods that are pro-inflammatory, such as lactose, wheat, refined sugar, and corn. Instead, focus on eating plenty of probiotics and prebiotics, such as fermented foods with live bacteria (yogurt, kefir, kimchi, miso, tempeh, and sauerkraut), as well as cooked vegetables and some fruits.
Additionally, the diet recommends limiting saturated fats and increasing healthy fats from sources like nuts, avocado, olive oil, legumes, fish, eggs, and probiotic yogurt.
Remember, each person's ability to tolerate foods will be different, so it is important to work with a qualified dietitian to create a personalized diet plan and adjust as needed.
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The diet's effectiveness in children
The IBD-AID diet is designed to help manage symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease by adjusting the types and textures of food consumed based on the severity of the symptoms. The diet is divided into three phases, each focusing on foods that are easier or harder to digest depending on the individual's current symptoms. The diet is founded on the principles of nutrition and the immune system and is updated with current research on the human microbiome.
The IBD-AID diet has proven to be especially effective in children with Crohn's disease, and in some instances, it can be used to promote gut healing in the same way as medical therapy. Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is a type of therapy that has proven to induce remission in children with Crohn's disease, and it is a popular pediatric therapy in Western Europe. EEN may also help improve response rates for IBD patients already on biologic therapy. The diet involves receiving all of one's calories through a special nutrition formula and not eating any regular food. The liquids contain all the proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, and vitamins necessary to sustain the patient.
The IBD-AID diet is designed to be implemented in phases, progressing the texture of food. Phase 1 includes soft or pureed foods like soups and yogurt during flares. Phase 2 adds more cooked vegetables, fish, and lean meats. Phase 3 allows for a wider variety, including raw veggies, fruits, and nuts as symptoms improve. The diet focuses on eating pre- and probiotic foods to promote healthy gut flora. It involves avoiding carbohydrates such as wheat, corn, and refined sugars to eliminate bad gut bacteria.
It is important to note that each person's ability to tolerate foods will be different, and foods will have to be added or removed from the diet depending on individual tolerance. It is normal to experience some mild stomach upset when trying new foods, but if symptoms worsen, it is recommended to contact a healthcare provider or dietitian for individualized advice.
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The diet's effectiveness in adults
The IBD-AID (anti-inflammatory diet) is founded on the principles of nutrition and the immune system, and it is updated with current research on the human microbiome. Research has shown that people with IBD have an imbalance of gut bacteria, which contributes to inflammation. The IBD-AID diet helps to restore balance between helpful and harmful gut bacteria while promoting good nutrition.
The diet is set in three phases designed to gradually reintroduce diversified foods, providing progressively greater flexibility and an improved quality of life. In phase 1, PEN comprises 50% of an individual's calories during the first 6 weeks, decreasing to 25% of their calories over the following 6 weeks. After 12 weeks, there is a maintenance phase, where additional foods are included in the diet, and the formula is maintained at 25% or adapted levels recommended by a specialized doctor or dietitian. The IBD-AID diet emphasizes avoidance of certain pro-inflammatory carbohydrates that may be disturbing the normal gut flora, such as foods that contain lactose, wheat, refined sugar (sucrose), and corn. Eating a variety of fruits and vegetables is encouraged, in the form the gut can tolerate (blenderized or whole). Lean proteins and healthy fats are also recommended.
The effectiveness of the IBD-AID diet in adults has been studied in patients with Crohn's disease. Clinical studies using Modulen IBD® as PEN show that CDED + PEN was as effective as the current EEN standard in achieving remission, but the CDED + PEN was better tolerated and superior for sustaining remission. Another study found that exclusive enteral nutrition provides an effective bridge to safer interval elective surgery for adults with Crohn's disease. However, it is important to note that dietary therapy has been found to be more effective in children than adults with Crohn's disease.
Overall, the IBD-AID diet provides a framework for managing IBD symptoms in adults by adjusting the types and textures of foods consumed based on symptom severity. It is important to note that each person's ability to tolerate foods will be different, and it is recommended to consult a dietitian or specialized doctor when starting this diet.
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Frequently asked questions
The IBD-AID diet is an anti-inflammatory diet designed to help manage symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease. It involves adjusting the types and textures of foods consumed based on the severity of symptoms. The diet is divided into three phases, each focusing on foods that are easier or harder to digest depending on the individual's current symptoms.
Phase 1 is to be followed during an IBD flare, when symptoms are severe, or following a hospitalization. This phase includes soft and easy-to-digest foods like smoothies, pureed soups, vegetables, yogurt, miso, and ground lean meats. High-fiber and hard-to-digest foods, as well as dairy and refined carbohydrates, should be avoided.
Phase 2 is for when symptoms have improved but are still present. This phase includes more soft foods with fiber, such as cooked vegetables, pureed beans, and nut butters. Probiotic intake should be increased, and it is important to stay hydrated.
Phase 3 is for individuals in remission who feel stronger. A wider variety of foods can be consumed, such as stir-fried vegetables, meats, whole beans, and cooked apples. It is still important to monitor how the body reacts and make adjustments as needed.
The IBD-AID diet emphasizes avoiding certain carbohydrates that are pro-inflammatory and may disturb the normal gut flora. Trans fats, irritating food additives, refined sugars, grains (except oats), fast food, processed foods, and dairy are generally to be avoided.
The effectiveness of the IBD-AID diet may vary from person to person. While dietary therapy has proven to be especially effective in children with Crohn's disease, its ability to control inflammation in ulcerative colitis is less clear. It is important to consult with a doctor or registered dietitian to determine if a specialized IBD diet is suitable for your individual needs.
