
The carnivore diet is a restrictive diet that includes only animal-based foods, such as meat, fish, eggs, and low-lactose dairy. It excludes all other food groups, including fruits, vegetables, grains, high-lactose dairy, sugars, and plant-based oils. Some proponents of the diet include honey, as it is derived from an animal source, despite being high in glucose. The carnivore diet is based on the controversial theory that human ancestors consumed diets rich in meat and limited in carbohydrates. While the diet may lead to rapid weight loss, it is generally considered unsafe due to its high protein and saturated fat content, which may negatively impact heart health. There is limited research on the potential benefits and risks of the carnivore diet, and it is essential to carefully consider any dietary changes and their potential impact on overall health.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Food Sources | Meat, fish, eggs, low-lactose dairy, bone broth, bone marrow, honey, salt, pepper, zero-carb seasonings |
| Excluded Foods | Fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts, seeds, high-lactose dairy, legumes, alcohol, caffeine |
| Macronutrients | High protein, high fat, low carbohydrate |
| Micronutrients | Low in vitamins A, C, and B1 (thiamin), folate, potassium, magnesium, and fiber |
| Health Benefits | Weight loss, improved mood and mental health, better blood sugar control, improved sleep, focus, energy, and mental clarity |
| Health Risks | High in saturated fat, sodium, and cholesterol, may increase risk of heart disease, weight gain, and colorectal cancer |
| Considerations | May not be suitable for those with high blood pressure, kidney disease, or a history of heart disease |
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What You'll Learn

Meat, fish, and seafood
Meat options include beef, chicken, pork, lamb, turkey, and other poultry. Organ meats are also included, such as liver, kidney, sweetbread, tripe, heart, and brain. Eating fatty cuts of meat is emphasised by proponents of the diet, to reach daily energy requirements.
Fish and seafood are also included in the carnivore diet. Fish options include salmon, mackerel, sardines, crab, lobster, tilapia, herring, white fish, and trout. Seafood options include oysters, clams, and crab.
The carnivore diet stems from the belief that ancestral populations ate mostly meat and fish, and that high-carb diets are to blame for today's rates of chronic disease. The diet is high in protein and fat and is claimed to aid weight loss and improve blood sugar control. However, there is no scientific evidence to support these claims, and the diet may lead to nutritional deficiencies.
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Dairy products
The carnivore diet is a restrictive diet that eliminates all foods except meat and other animal products. This means that it is low in vitamin C, folate, and fibre, and has no plant-based foods. While dairy products are animal-derived, there is some debate about whether they are compatible with the carnivore diet.
Some sources suggest that dairy should be avoided on the carnivore diet, as it was not a part of the human diet until the Agricultural Revolution when humans first domesticated animals. Additionally, dairy is meant to grow a baby mammal into an adult mammal, so it is loaded with energy, fat, protein, and sugars. It also has different vitamins and minerals from those found in human breast milk, and many people are lactose intolerant.
However, other sources suggest that low-lactose dairy products can be included in small amounts. This includes full-fat dairy products like butter, heavy cream, hard cheese, and raw milk, which are preferred over low-fat or fat-free options as they are more nutritious and may reduce the likelihood of obesity. Raw dairy products are also easier to digest and can be paired with many other foods.
Ultimately, the inclusion of dairy products in the carnivore diet is a personal choice, and there is limited research on the health benefits of the carnivore diet overall. It is always recommended to consult a healthcare professional before starting any new diet, especially one as restrictive as the carnivore diet.
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Animal products like eggs
The carnivore diet is a highly restrictive diet that includes only animal products and excludes all other food groups. This means that the diet includes meat, poultry, eggs, seafood, fish, and some animal products.
The diet also includes other animal products such as lard, bone marrow, and bone broth. Organ meats such as liver, kidney, sweetbread, tripe, heart, and brain are also consumed.
Proponents of the diet recommend limiting dairy intake to low-lactose products such as butter, heavy cream, and hard cheese. This is because lactose is a sugar found in milk and other dairy products, and the carnivore diet aims for zero carbs.
The carnivore diet is a type of ketogenic (keto) diet. Keto diets work by burning fat for energy instead of glucose, which results in weight loss. However, the carnivore diet is the most ketogenic diet because it allows for almost no carbs. While keto diets can be beneficial for weight loss, the carnivore diet is more restrictive and may not be safe for everyone.
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High cholesterol, saturated fat, and sodium
The carnivore diet, which consists mostly of animal-based products and excludes plant foods, has been a topic of discussion and debate in the nutrition world. One of the concerns surrounding this diet is its potential impact on cholesterol, saturated fat, and sodium levels in the body.
Cholesterol
The carnivore diet has been found to increase LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels, which is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol. This is due to the high amounts of saturated fat found in animal-based products such as red meat, butter, and cheese. Elevated LDL cholesterol can build up in the blood vessels, narrowing them and restricting blood flow to the heart and other organs. This, in turn, raises the risk of cardiovascular issues, including heart attacks and strokes. However, it is important to note that some studies have shown positive effects on other heart health markers, such as optimal levels of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) or "good" cholesterol.
Saturated Fat
Saturated fat intake has been a controversial topic, with some proponents of the carnivore diet claiming that it is not an issue. However, national guidelines recommend keeping saturated fat intake to less than 7% of total calories. Excessive saturated fat consumption can lead to elevated blood markers and has been linked to negative cardiovascular effects. On the other hand, some individuals following a carnivore diet have reported improvements in their health, including increased energy and the resolution of various health issues.
Sodium
The inclusion of sodium in the carnivore diet is another area of debate. While our bodies require a minimum of 500 mg of sodium per day, the primary source of sodium in our ancestral diets came from the animal products consumed, rather than added salt. Salt can provide benefits, and some carnivore dieters choose to increase their sodium intake, often in conjunction with other electrolytes like chloride, potassium, and magnesium. However, it is important to exercise caution, as excessive sodium intake can contribute to cardiovascular issues.
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Weight loss and health risks
The carnivore diet is a highly restrictive diet that consists of eating only animal products, including meat, fish, eggs, and small amounts of low-lactose dairy. It is claimed to promote rapid weight loss and improve various health issues, including heart health, autoimmune problems, blood sugar control, and mood. However, it is important to understand the potential health risks associated with this diet.
Firstly, the carnivore diet is deficient in specific nutrients found abundantly in plant-based foods. It lacks fiber, which is essential for regular bowel movements and promoting healthy gut bacteria. The absence of plant compounds like phytochemicals and antioxidants can also negatively impact overall health.
Secondly, the diet is high in saturated fat, which can increase cholesterol levels and the risk of heart disease and stroke. Processed meats, allowed in the diet, are high in salt, further elevating the risk of heart disease and high blood pressure. The very high protein content can also impair kidney function, making it unsuitable for individuals with kidney disease.
Additionally, the carnivore diet's restrictive nature makes it challenging to follow long-term. It excludes entire food groups, leading to potential nutrient deficiencies and an imbalanced intake of macronutrients. While it may lead to short-term weight loss, this is likely to be temporary, with weight gain occurring once the diet is discontinued.
Finally, the carnivore diet's effectiveness in improving health is largely based on self-reported data, with limited rigorous scientific studies. The diet's extreme restrictions may not be sustainable or necessary for achieving optimal health, and it is not recommended by dietitians or health professionals. Therefore, while the carnivore diet may lead to initial weight loss, it also carries several health risks that should be carefully considered.
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Frequently asked questions
The carnivore diet is a restrictive diet that consists almost exclusively of animal-based foods, such as meat, fish, eggs, and low-lactose dairy.
The carnivore diet includes meat, such as lamb, beef, chicken, turkey, pork, or organ meats; fish and seafood, such as salmon, mackerel, tuna, sardines, herring, crab, or oysters; and other animal products, such as eggs, bone broth, bone marrow, or lard.
The carnivore diet excludes fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts, seeds, and high-lactose dairy. Alcohol is also typically avoided on the carnivore diet.
Proponents of the carnivore diet claim that it may lead to weight loss, improved blood sugar control, better mental health, and improved overall health, sleep, focus, energy, and mental clarity. However, there is limited research on the health benefits of the carnivore diet, and it may have several negative side effects.










































