The keto diet is a low-carb, high-fat diet that has been proven to be an effective way to lose weight and improve health. The diet involves limiting carbs to a maximum of 50 grams per day, which puts the body into a metabolic state called ketosis, where it burns fat for energy instead of glucose. This reduction in carbs can lead to a loss of water weight in the first week, which can result in a weight loss of anywhere from 1-10 pounds. After the initial week, weight loss will typically continue at a steadier pace of around 1-2 pounds per week. To maximise weight loss on the keto diet, it is recommended to get adequate sleep, reduce stress, be more active, and consume nutritious, low-carb foods.
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
Carbohydrate intake | 20-50 grams per day |
Calorie deficit | Yes |
High-fat intake | Yes |
Weight loss | 1-2 pounds per week |
Increased physical activity | Yes |
Nutritional whole foods | Yes |
Adequate sleep | Yes |
Reduced stress | Yes |
Intermittent fasting | Optional |
What You'll Learn
Calculate your macronutrient intake
To calculate your macronutrient intake, you can use a keto calculator. This will help you work out your nutritional targets based on your body composition, making it easier to enter and stay in ketosis.
To calculate your macros, you will need to input the following information:
- Your preferred unit of measurement
- Your current weight
- Your weight goal
- Your body fat %
- How much you want to consume
Once you have entered this information, the keto calculator will provide you with your daily macronutrient goals.
It is recommended that on a ketogenic diet, you keep your carb intake to 5% or less of total calories, which works out to be an average of 30g net carbs a day. In terms of protein, it is suggested that you consume a minimum of 0.8g/lb of lean body mass. You can adjust this ratio based on your strength goals and exercise demands. As for fat, there is no need to add lots of fat unless you need extra calories. Plus, many whole foods like eggs and meat contain plenty of fat. On a keto diet, about 60 to 75% of your calories should come from fat.
While it may seem like a lot of work to track your macros, once you get an idea of how many grams of carbs, proteins, and fats are in the foods you eat most often, it will become second nature.
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Eat clean keto foods
Clean keto is a subset of the ketogenic diet that focuses on whole, real, and unprocessed foods. These include meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy, non-starchy vegetables, and fruits. Here are some tips and guidelines for eating clean keto foods:
- Choose organic, grass-fed, free-range, and non-GMO foods.
- Eliminate sweeteners and artificial ingredients.
- Avoid processed foods, including highly processed meats and fast food.
- Focus on healthy sources of fat, such as polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats. Examples include fish like cod, herring, salmon, sardines, and trout, as well as nuts like almonds, Brazil nuts, and walnuts.
- Consume low-carb, high-fiber vegetables like Portobello mushrooms, cabbage, broccoli, asparagus, spinach, and kale.
- Opt for healthy oils like olive oil, coconut oil, avocado oil, and MCT oil.
- Include high-fat protein sources like grass-fed beef, chicken thighs, salmon, tuna, eggs, and full-fat Greek yogurt.
- Limit your intake of berries to strawberries, blueberries, and blackberries.
- Choose cheese in moderation, such as cheddar, cream cheese, gouda, and swiss cheese.
- For beverages, stick to water, sparkling water, green tea, black tea, coffee, and milk alternatives.
- Prepare your meals in advance to ensure you're consuming clean keto foods and controlling your portion sizes.
- Stock up on clean keto snacks like pork rinds, keto bars, or keto cookies to satisfy your cravings.
- Keep your carb intake to around 20-30 grams of total carbs per day for optimal results.
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Avoid hidden carbs
When starting a keto diet, it's important to be aware of hidden carbs that can prevent you from achieving ketosis and losing weight. Here are some tips to avoid hidden carbs and stay on track with your keto diet:
- Understand Net Carbs and Total Carbs: In the US, food labels include "total carbs", which factor in fibre content. Net carbs, on the other hand, do not count fibre. Fibre is a non-impact or low-impact carb that doesn't affect blood sugar levels and is slowly digested, making it perfect for energy needs. However, don't confuse low-carb with ketogenic, as all carbs count if you want to get into ketosis.
- Watch Out for Sugar Alcohols: Sugar alcohols, also known as "the polyols", are often found in "sugar-free" and even "carb-free" products. They are not zero-carb and can cause insulin spikes and increased blood sugar levels. Instead, opt for natural sweeteners like stevia, pure liquid sucralose, or erythritol.
- Seasonings and Sauces: Seasonings and sauces can add up your daily carb count. Be mindful of the carb content in spices like ground cumin, garlic powder, onion powder, and chili powder. Also, be cautious when using blended spices like curry powder, Chinese 5-spice, and garam masala.
- Read Labels Carefully: Always read the labels on food products to check the carb content. Deli meats, sausages, canned fish in sauce, and processed meats often contain starch and sugar. Choose natural options with lower carb counts.
- Dairy Products: All dairy products contain some carbs. Opt for full-fat dairy as it has a lower carb content. Plain or Greek yogurt, natural butter, and heavy cream are recommended on the ketogenic diet.
- Greens and Proteins: Calculate the carbs from greens and proteins in your meals. Kale, spinach, and lettuce contain carbs, and shellfish like oysters, scallops, and shrimp also have varying amounts of carbs.
- Keep a Food Journal: Start a food journal to track your fat, protein, and carb intake. Note your energy levels, moods, and repeat ingredients. This will help you identify hidden carbs and make healthier choices.
- Choose Whole Foods: Opt for whole, unprocessed foods instead of processed options. Processed foods can hinder your weight loss efforts.
- Beware of Condiments: Condiments like ketchup, honey mustard, and flavoured yogurt can be loaded with carbs and sugar. Opt for plain or Greek yogurt and add your own flavourings like cinnamon or nuts.
- Mind the Nuts: While nuts are a great low-carb option, they can vary in carb content. Choose pecans, peanuts, almonds, or cashews wisely, as they have different carb counts per ounce.
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Manage stress and get adequate sleep
Stress and sleep are important factors in weight loss, and the keto diet can impact both. Here are some tips to manage stress and get adequate sleep while on a keto diet:
- Exercise regularly: Exercise is a great way to relieve stress and improve sleep. Aim for at least 30 minutes of physical activity per day, but avoid exercising close to bedtime as it may interfere with sleep.
- Practice relaxation techniques: Find activities that help you relax and unwind, such as reading, listening to music, stretching, or taking a shower. Incorporate these into your bedtime routine to prepare your body for sleep.
- Maintain a consistent sleep schedule: Stick to a regular sleep schedule, even on weekends. Go to bed and wake up at the same time each day to regulate your body's sleep-wake cycle.
- Optimise your bedroom environment: Ensure your bedroom is quiet, dark, and relaxing. Remove electronic devices from your bedroom, or at least turn them off a few hours before bedtime, as the blue light emitted by screens can disrupt sleep.
- Avoid caffeine and alcohol close to bedtime: Caffeine and alcohol can disrupt sleep, so it's best to avoid them at least 6-8 hours before bed.
- Stay hydrated: Dehydration can lead to sleep issues, so make sure to drink plenty of water throughout the day. However, avoid excessive fluid intake close to bedtime to prevent frequent nighttime urination, which can also disrupt sleep.
- Manage stress: Chronic stress can negatively impact weight loss and sleep. Try stress management techniques such as meditation or yoga, and reduce screen time before bed to give your mind a break from electronic devices.
- Get support: If you're struggling to manage stress or improve your sleep, don't hesitate to reach out for help. Talk to a healthcare professional or a mental health specialist who can provide you with additional tools and strategies to manage stress and improve your sleep quality.
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Increase physical activity
To lose weight on the keto diet, it is important to increase your physical activity. This can be achieved by incorporating more low-intensity, steady-state exercises into your routine, such as jogging, cycling, yoga, or swimming. These types of exercises are less likely to be affected by the keto diet and can help you burn more fat.
It is also beneficial to include some moderate-intensity exercises, such as brisk walking or cycling, for 30-45 minutes, 3-4 times a week. This will help you build intensity and improve your endurance.
Once you have adapted to the keto diet and these exercises, you can start incorporating high-intensity interval training (HIIT) sessions 1-2 times per week. HIIT involves short bursts of intense activity followed by rest periods, which can improve cardiovascular fitness and burn fat.
In addition to cardio exercises, weight training or resistance training is an important component of a well-rounded exercise routine. Squats, lunges, bench presses, rows, deadlifts, and overhead presses are some effective exercises to include in your weight training regimen. It is important to ensure adequate protein intake to support muscle repair and growth while on the keto diet and engaging in weight training.
By gradually increasing the intensity of your workouts and focusing on a combination of cardio and weight training, you can enhance the benefits of the keto diet and improve your overall fitness and weight loss results. Remember to always consult with a healthcare professional or a certified trainer before starting a new diet or exercise program to ensure it is safe and suitable for you.
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