The ketogenic diet is a low-carb, high-fat diet that has become a popular method for weight loss and health improvement. The keto diet aims to put your body into a metabolic state called ketosis, where it burns stored fat for energy instead of carbohydrates. To achieve this, the diet is very low in carbs, high in fat, and moderate in protein.
There are several potential benefits to the keto diet, including weight loss, improved blood sugar control, and cognitive improvements. However, it can be difficult to maintain and may increase the risk of certain health issues, such as high cholesterol.
When following a keto diet, meals typically include foods like eggs, meat, fish, non-starchy vegetables, and healthy fats like olive oil and avocado. It's important to monitor your intake and plan your meals to ensure you stay within the strict guidelines of the diet.
There are also keto-friendly snacks, beverages, and restaurant options available to make the diet more sustainable and enjoyable.
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
Carbohydrate intake | Less than 20 grams of net carbs per day |
Protein intake | About 1 gram per kilogram of body weight per day |
Fat intake | 70-80% of calorie intake |
Calorie intake | 600-800 calories per day for very low-calorie diets |
Meal planning | Prep meals in advance, cook double portions, use shopping lists |
Fluids | Drink lots of fluids, especially during the first week |
Salt | Consume enough salt, especially during the first week |
Alcohol | Low-carb alcoholic drinks like dry wine or sugar-free drinks are allowed |
Weight loss | Can cause weight loss in the short and long term |
Blood sugar | Can help stabilise blood sugar and aid weight loss in type 2 diabetes management |
Cognition | May improve short and long-term cognition in people with Alzheimer's disease |
Nutrient deficiencies | May lead to vitamin and mineral deficiencies |
Meal ideas | Breakfast: scrambled eggs, cauliflower hash browns, chia seed pudding. Lunch: bunless burgers, tuna salad, chicken tenders. Dinner: pork chops, meatballs, grilled shrimp |
Keto breakfast ideas
Keto breakfasts are an important meal to plan for when following a keto diet. Here are some ideas to get you started:
- Scrambled eggs in butter on a bed of lettuce topped with avocado
- Bulletproof coffee (made with butter and coconut oil), hard-boiled eggs
- Cheese and veggie omelet topped with salsa
- Smoothie made with almond milk, greens, almond butter, and protein powder
- Fried eggs with bacon and a side of greens
- Baked eggs in avocado cups
- Chia seed pudding
- Cauliflower hash browns
- Cauliflower breakfast grits with bacon, parmesan, and fried eggs
- Cauliflower toast topped with cheese and avocado
- Full-fat yogurt topped with keto granola
- Coconut milk chia pudding topped with coconut and walnuts
- Baked avocado egg boats
- Bell pepper stuffed with cheese and eggs
- Cauliflower rice bowl with cheese, herbs, avocado, and salsa
Breakfast Tips
- You can choose to eat the same keto breakfast every day to save time and money.
- If you're not hungry in the morning, you can skip breakfast and have a coffee instead.
- If you're short on time, simple, no-cook breakfasts such as hard-boiled eggs, canned fish, cheese, cold cuts, and pre-chopped veggies can be a good option.
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Keto lunch ideas
Lunch is an important meal on the keto diet, as it can help you stay on track and feel satiated throughout the day. Here are some delicious and nutritious keto lunch ideas to keep your taste buds tantalized and your body fuelled:
- Bunless burgers topped with cheese, mushrooms, and avocado, served on a bed of greens. This is a tasty and satisfying option that ticks all the keto boxes.
- Tuna salad with celery and tomato on a bed of greens. This is a light and refreshing choice, perfect for a summer lunch.
- Chicken salad with avocado, cheese, turkey, and hard-boiled eggs. This protein-packed salad will keep you full and energized.
- Cauliflower rice bowls with steak, cheese, herbs, avocado, and salsa. This dish is a creative way to enjoy a keto-friendly rice alternative.
- Zucchini noodles with meatballs and Parmesan cheese. This low-carb take on a classic comfort food is sure to hit the spot.
- Chicken breast with a twist of your choice: Thai, Italian, Mexican, Indian, or Greek. Served with grilled asparagus topped with lemon and pine nuts, this dish offers variety and flavor.
- Pizza-style stuffed portobellos with a side of blistered shishito peppers. Enjoy a pizza-like experience without the carb-loaded crust.
- No-cook zucchini noodle salad with sausage and shredded chicken. This easy-to-assemble dish is perfect for busy days when you don't want to spend time cooking.
- Chicken tenders made with almond flour, served on a bed of greens with cucumbers and goat cheese. This is a tasty and crunchy option for a keto lunch.
- Baked tofu with cauliflower rice, broccoli, and peppers, topped with a homemade peanut sauce. For vegetarians or those looking for a meat-free option, this dish is a flavorful and protein-rich choice.
- Poached salmon avocado rolls wrapped in seaweed (rice-free). This is a creative and nutritious keto-friendly lunch idea.
- Grilled shrimp topped with a lemon butter sauce, served with a side of asparagus. This dish offers a tasty combination of flavors and textures.
- Grass-fed burger in a lettuce "bun" topped with avocado and a side salad. Enjoy a burger without the carbs by wrapping it in lettuce instead of a bun.
- Sashimi with miso soup. This is a simple yet elegant keto lunch option, perfect for when you want something light and fresh.
Remember, when creating your keto lunch, focus on high-fat, low-carb ingredients, and don't be afraid to get creative!
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Keto dinner ideas
The ketogenic diet, or keto diet, is a high-fat, low-carb diet. The aim is to put your body into a metabolic state called ketosis, where it burns stored fat for energy instead of carbohydrates.
When following the keto diet, you can eat foods such as:
- Meat: beef, pork, lamb, chicken, turkey
- Fish and shellfish
- Eggs
- Full-fat dairy: butter, cream, full-fat cheese and yogurt
- Oils: olive oil, avocado oil, sesame oil, coconut oil
- Non-starchy vegetables: spinach, asparagus, cucumber, mushrooms, peppers, lettuce, zucchini, broccoli, cauliflower
- Nuts and seeds: macadamia nuts, almonds, walnuts, pumpkin seeds, peanuts, flaxseeds
- Avocados
You should avoid foods such as:
- Sugary foods: cakes, cookies, sweets, ice cream, doughnuts
- Starchy foods: bread, pasta, rice, potatoes, corn, beans
- Fruit juice
- Sugar-sweetened beverages: soda, juice, sweetened tea, sports drinks
- High-carb alcohol: beer, sugary cocktails
- Chicken Alfredo spaghetti squash
- Keto beef stroganoff
- Feta and herb-crusted salmon
- Garlicky Greek chicken
- Cheesesteak stuffed peppers
- Keto chicken Parmesan
- Garlic butter shrimp and asparagus
- Sheet-pan garlic butter salmon and asparagus
- Turkey taco lettuce wraps
- Pizza frittata
- Garlicky lemon mahi mahi
- Keto meatballs
- Roasted salmon stuffed with spinach, feta and ricotta
- Pan-seared Chilean sea bass with caramelized lemon sauce
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Keto snacks
When following a keto diet, it is important to ensure your snacks are balanced, with high amounts of fats, moderate protein, and very few carbs. Here are some ideas for keto-friendly snacks:
No-cook snacks:
- Nuts and seeds—almonds, walnuts, pecans, pumpkin seeds, etc.
- Cheese—string cheese, babybel, or slices
- Avocado slices with a sprinkle of salt
- Deli meat roll-ups—roll turkey, ham, or roast beef with cheese
- Veggie sticks with guacamole—slice cucumber, bell peppers, or celery and dip into guacamole
- Greek yogurt parfait—mix Greek yogurt with berries, chia seeds, and a keto-friendly sweetener
- Hard-boiled eggs
- Keto trail mix—combine unsweetened coconut flakes, nuts, and dark chocolate chunks
- Caprese skewers—thread cherry tomatoes, mozzarella balls, and basil leaves onto toothpicks
- Nut butter dippers—dip celery or cucumber sticks into almond or peanut butter
- Smoked salmon rolls—roll up smoked salmon with cream cheese and chives
- Pickles and cheese cubes
- Seaweed sheets
- Celery with cream cheese
More substantial snacks:
- Mini frittatas or egg muffins—combine beaten eggs with low-carb ingredients like spinach, mushrooms, tomatoes, and cheese, then bake in a muffin pan
- Caesar salad bites—use Parmesan cheese to make edible cups, fill with romaine lettuce or kale, and your favorite Caesar salad dressing, then top with pumpkin seeds or pistachios, and chicken or smoked salmon
- Cajun-style shrimp and bell pepper kebabs
- Veggie sticks with nut butter—try celery with almond butter or peanut butter with carrots
- Salmon salad celery boats—combine canned salmon with mayonnaise, fresh herbs, spices, and garlic, then stuff into celery stalks
- Sushi rolls—use nori seaweed sheets and fill with avocado, bell pepper, cucumber, and/or smoked fish
- Collard green sandwich wraps—use collard greens as a low-carb wrap and fill with your favorite sandwich ingredients
- Avocado egg salad—combine avocado with diced hard-boiled eggs, red onion, salt, and pepper, and serve with cucumber and radish slices
- Bone broth—add coconut oil, butter, or ghee to boost the fat content
- Keto smoothies—use a base of coconut, avocado, and/or nut butter, and blend with low-carb fruits like berries, lime, or lemon, and nutrient-dense veggies like spinach, cucumber, kale, or jicama
Store-bought keto snacks:
- Nuts and seeds—almonds, walnuts, pecans, macadamia nuts, Brazil nuts, etc.
- Cheese crisps
- Beef jerky—check the label for added sugars
- Pork rinds
- Nut butter—almond butter, peanut butter, or sunflower seed butter
- Seaweed snacks
- Veggies with full-fat cream cheese or a low-carb dip
- Keto bars—check the label for low net carbs
- Dark chocolate—opt for 70% cocoa or higher
- Avocados
- Deli meats—look for preservative-free, low-sodium options
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Keto drinks
When following a ketogenic diet, it is important to stay hydrated. The best drink for keto is water, either still or sparkling.
Other Keto-Friendly Drinks
- Tea and coffee are also great keto options, but be careful not to add sugar.
- Herbal teas, such as hibiscus, chamomile, yerba mate, peppermint, and rooibos tea, are also keto-friendly.
- Sparkling water is another good soda replacement.
- Unsweetened green tea is a tasty and healthy option.
- Vegetable juice is keto-friendly, but fruit juice is not recommended due to its high sugar content. Lemon and lime juices are an exception, as they are low in carbs.
- Milk alternatives like almond milk and coconut milk are also keto-friendly, but only if they are unsweetened.
- Alcoholic drinks such as vodka, whiskey, rum, and tequila are carb-free and suitable for keto. Low-carb beers are also available.
- Sports drinks are useful for rehydration and replenishing electrolytes, but be sure to choose a keto-friendly option.
- Energy drinks can be keto-friendly, but they may harm the brain, heart, and liver.
- Bone broth is another keto-friendly option.
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Frequently asked questions
The keto diet can be adapted for vegetarians, but it is more challenging as the choice of foods is less varied. It is still possible to get the right balance of nutrients by eating eggs and dairy (lacto-ovo vegetarianism). Vegans can also follow a lower-carb vegan keto diet.
Keto-friendly snacks include nuts, certain meats, olives, cheese, and other high-fat, low-carb foods.
The best keto drinks are carb-free or nearly carb-free. Water, coffee, tea, and bone broth are all good options. Alcohol is allowed in moderation, but stick to low-carb drinks like dry wine or spirits.