Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is a chemical that is produced by the body and provides energy when there is a shortage of carbohydrates or sugars. BHB is also produced by the liver during ketosis, a metabolic state where the body uses fat for fuel instead of glucose. While the keto diet is a popular way to achieve ketosis, BHB supplements are marketed as a shortcut to this state, with or without dietary changes. However, the effectiveness of these supplements is questionable, and they may even hinder weight loss efforts.
What You'll Learn
- BHB is a chemical that is made by the body and can be taken as a supplement
- BHB can help the brain and nerves work better and may improve athletic performance
- BHB can be used to treat dry eye, migraine, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease
- Ketone supplements can be used to transition into ketosis without following a ketogenic diet
- BHB can help reduce inflammation in the brain and other areas of the body
BHB is a chemical that is made by the body and can be taken as a supplement
BHB, or beta-hydroxybutyrate, is a chemical that the body produces during ketosis. Ketosis is a metabolic state in which the body uses fat for energy instead of carbohydrates or sugars. BHB is one of three ketone bodies produced during ketosis, and it is present in significantly higher quantities in the blood compared to the other two.
BHB can also be made in a laboratory and taken as a supplement. It is often marketed as an exogenous ketone supplement, which is claimed to put your body into ketosis without having to follow a ketogenic diet. These supplements usually come in the form of ketone salts or ketone esters. Ketone salts are typically bound to a salt like sodium, potassium, calcium, or magnesium, while ketone esters are linked to another compound called an ester.
Taking BHB supplements is thought to provide several benefits, such as improved mental and physical performance, reduced feelings of hunger, and longer-lasting energy. Additionally, BHB supplements may help relieve or prevent symptoms of the "keto flu," which include fatigue, hunger, and mental cloudiness. However, it is important to note that there is limited research on the effectiveness of BHB supplements, and they may not be suitable for everyone. Some people may experience side effects such as stomach upset, diarrhea, constipation, and stomach pain, especially when consuming very high doses.
Overall, while BHB is a chemical that is naturally made by the body, it can also be taken as a supplement to potentially enhance energy levels and cognitive function. However, more research is needed to fully understand the effects of BHB supplements, especially in the long term.
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BHB can help the brain and nerves work better and may improve athletic performance
Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is a chemical that is made by the body and provides energy when not enough carbohydrates or sugars have been eaten. BHB can also be made in a laboratory and taken as a supplement.
BHB and Brain Function
BHB seems to help the brain and nerves work better. It can be used to treat Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
BHB and Athletic Performance
BHB might also provide energy to muscles to improve exercise ability. It is used for athletic performance, but again, there is no good scientific evidence to support this use.
Some studies have found that BHB supplements may cause a drop in power output and impair high-intensity exercise performance. However, other studies have found that BHB can be helpful in fuelling endurance exercise.
Overall, while BHB may have some potential benefits for brain function and athletic performance, more research is needed to confirm these effects.
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BHB can be used to treat dry eye, migraine, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease
BHB, or beta-hydroxybutyrate, is a ketone body produced by the body when it is in a state of ketosis. It can also be ingested as a supplement. BHB has been found to be beneficial in the treatment of dry eye, migraine, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.
Dry Eye
A 2016 study found that 1% D-3-Hydroxybutyrate eye drops were safe and effective in treating dry eye disease. The study involved 65 patients who were randomly assigned to either a placebo group or a 1% D-3-Hydroxybutyrate group. The treatment was administered six times a day for four weeks. The results showed that the 1% D-3-Hydroxybutyrate group had significantly better corneal rose bengal scores than the placebo group at both two and four weeks.
Migraine
A 2023 study found that exogenous BHB may be effective in reducing migraine days in a subgroup of patients with episodic migraine. The study involved 41 patients who were randomised to receive either BHB or a placebo for 12 weeks, followed by an eight-week washout phase and then another 12-week treatment period. The results showed that nine out of 32 patients (28.13%) had a reduction of at least three migraine days over placebo. These responders had an average of 5.78 fewer migraine days compared to placebo.
Alzheimer's Disease
A 2020 study found that BHB may be beneficial in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The study showed that BHB levels were significantly lower in the blood and brain parenchyma of Alzheimer's patients compared to non-Alzheimer's controls. Additionally, exogenous BHB administration reduced plaque formation, microgliosis, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (Asc) speck formation, and caspase-1 activation in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. The findings suggest that BHB may reduce Alzheimer's pathology by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Parkinson's Disease
A 2003 study found that BHB protected dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Additionally, cell culture studies have shown that BHB protects neurons in models of Parkinson's disease.
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Ketone supplements can be used to transition into ketosis without following a ketogenic diet
Ketone supplements, also known as exogenous ketones, can be used to transition into ketosis without following a ketogenic diet. Ketone supplements are synthetic sources of ketones that are produced outside the body. They are available in two main forms: ketone salts and ketone esters. Ketone salts are typically bound to a salt like sodium, potassium, calcium, or magnesium and are found in powder form. Ketone esters, on the other hand, are linked to an ester compound and are usually packaged in liquid form. Both forms of ketone supplements effectively increase blood ketone levels, mimicking the state of ketosis achieved through a ketogenic diet.
Ketone supplements offer an alternative for those who want the benefits of ketosis without strictly adhering to a ketogenic diet. They can help raise blood ketone levels, providing the same health benefits as a ketogenic diet, including weight loss. Additionally, ketone supplements have been shown to decrease appetite, which may aid in weight loss by reducing calorie intake. However, it is important to note that ketone supplements are not a magic bullet for weight loss, and maintaining ketosis may require multiple servings throughout the day.
Furthermore, ketone supplements are generally considered safe, but their long-term effects are unknown. Some common side effects associated with ketone salts include nausea, diarrhea, and stomach discomfort. It is also important to note that ketone supplements can be expensive, and the market is not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or other regulatory agencies for safety, purity, or effectiveness.
While ketone supplements can facilitate the transition into ketosis without a ketogenic diet, it is always advisable to consult a healthcare professional before incorporating any supplements into your routine.
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BHB can help reduce inflammation in the brain and other areas of the body
Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is a chemical that is made by the body and provides energy when not enough carbohydrates or sugars have been eaten. It can also be made in a lab and taken as a supplement. BHB is a ketone body that is produced when the body is running on fat instead of carbs. It is the most abundant ketone, making up to 78% of total ketones in the blood.
BHB has been found to have anti-inflammatory properties and can help reduce inflammation in the brain and other areas of the body. It blocks a platform responsible for inflammation called NLRP3 inflammasome. NLRP3 triggers inflammatory molecules that cause neuroinflammation, cancer, insulin resistance, bone diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, skin diseases, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and gout.
Research shows that BHB can destroy these inflammatory molecules. For example, in one study, BHB administration decreased the inflammatory molecules IL-1β and TNF-α in the hippocampus. Another study showed that BHB reduced the inflammatories interleukin IL-1β and IL-18 in human white blood cells.
The anti-inflammatory effects of BHB make it useful for preventing diseases triggered or aggravated by inflammation. It may also help treat inflammatory skin diseases like acne, psoriasis, varicose ulcers, allergic reactions, and skin photosensitivity.
In addition to its anti-inflammatory properties, BHB has been found to have a range of other benefits, including improved cognitive function, enhanced gene expression, increased lifespan, and improved insulin sensitivity.
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Frequently asked questions
Beta-Hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is a ketone body produced by the liver when glucose isn't available. It is a naturally occurring molecule in the body and can also be made in a lab as a supplement.
BHB is an energy source for the body and brain, especially when the body is in a state of ketosis. It can also help reduce inflammation in the brain and other areas of the body.
No, BHB supplements can induce a temporary state of ketosis without any dietary changes. However, the effects only last a few hours, so repeated doses throughout the day are needed to maintain ketosis.
BHB can help reduce hunger, improve mental and physical performance, and provide longer-lasting energy. It may also have potential benefits for cognitive health and various health conditions, but more research is needed.
BHB supplements are generally considered safe, but some people may experience stomach discomfort, nausea, diarrhoea, and stomach pain, especially with very high doses. There is also a risk of high blood pressure due to the salt content in some BHB products.