Carb loading is a nutritional strategy that can be used to improve athletic performance. It involves eating more carbohydrates than usual while decreasing exercise to boost the amount of glycogen stored in the body. Carb loading is typically done in the days leading up to an athletic event or competition and can last anywhere from one to six days.
There are a few things to consider before starting a carb-loading program. First, it is important to note that carb loading is not necessary for all types of activities. It is most beneficial for exercise lasting more than 90 minutes without breaks, such as running or cycling. For shorter durations or exercises with many breaks, carb loading may not be necessary.
Additionally, when carb loading, it is recommended to choose high-carb, low-fat foods that are familiar to you. This helps to avoid stomach discomfort and impairment of performance. It is also important to calculate your carbohydrate intake to ensure you are eating the right amount, which is typically between 2.3–5.5 grams per pound (5–12 grams per kg) of body weight per day.
Overall, carb loading can be a useful strategy for improving performance in endurance events, but it should be approached in a controlled manner and paired with an appropriate exercise routine.
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
How often | Once a week |
When to eat carb up meal | Dinner |
How long | 1 day, or as short as 1 meal or as long as 2 days |
Who is it for? | Not for beginners |
When to start | After your body has adapted to burning fat as its primary fuel source (after 4-6 weeks) |
How to eat | Consume more carbs than usual, but not an excuse to cheat on keto |
Calories | Watch your calories |
Workout | Combine with a heavy workout the next morning |
Time of day | Carb up meal should be the last meal of the day |
What You'll Learn
Carb loading is not recommended for beginners
Carb loading, or carb refeeding, is a period of time, usually a day, where a person intentionally consumes more carbohydrates than usual. This is often done by people on the ketogenic diet, which is a high-fat, very low-carb diet. Carb loading is done to break a weight loss stall, improve hormonal balance, enhance muscle growth, and increase energy expenditure.
However, carb loading is not recommended for beginners. If you start doing carb ups before your body has adapted to burning fat as its primary fuel source, you may experience the keto flu, which has symptoms such as nausea, fatigue, headaches, constipation, weakness, difficulty sleeping, and irritability. Additionally, carb ups might awaken your carb cravings, so you need to be extra careful if you’re prone to having strong cravings. It is important to understand your body and your goals before considering carb loading.
If you are an athlete or someone who engages in extended periods of exercise, carb loading can be beneficial. It increases stored glycogen in the liver and muscles, making more energy available for physical activity. Carb loading is typically done one to three days before an athletic event, and it is combined with reduced physical activity during this time.
For those who are not athletes or who are not engaging in extended periods of exercise, carb loading is not necessary. In fact, if your main fitness goal is weight loss, carb loading can lead to consuming more calories than needed, resulting in weight gain. Additionally, excess carbs can cause bloating and increase water weight, which can be detrimental to shorter-term exercise.
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It can help with weight loss
Carb loading, or carb backloading, is a strategy that involves eating most of your carbohydrates during the evening after working out. This strategy is popular in fitness and bodybuilding communities as a way of losing weight while increasing muscle mass.
Revving Up Your Metabolism
Being in ketosis all the time can stall your metabolism. Jumping in and out of ketosis will keep your metabolism active and efficient.
Breaking Through Weight Loss Plateaus
If you hit a weight loss plateau, a carb-up day as part of your keto diet plan can be enough to give your body a jumpstart, and weight loss often starts up again.
Building Muscle
Carb backloading can help with building muscle. Our muscles need glucose, and one complaint with keto is that there is sometimes a small amount of muscle mass loss. Carb-up days can help replenish the glycogen stores in your muscles.
Managing Medical Conditions
Carb backloading can be beneficial for people with certain medical conditions. For example, people with Hashimoto's or thyroid issues may benefit from cyclical keto, which includes carb-up days, as it can be challenging to practice strict keto with these conditions. Additionally, carb backloading can be beneficial for people experiencing insulin resistance or hypothyroidism.
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It can help build muscle
Carb loading is a strategy used by athletes to optimise their performance and involves consuming a higher-than-normal amount of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are easily metabolised to create glucose, which is the body's primary energy source.
The cyclical ketogenic diet involves adhering to a standard keto diet for 5-6 days per week, followed by 1-2 days of higher carb intake. This can be beneficial for building muscle as it allows people to take advantage of the muscle-building benefits of a higher-carb diet.
The standard keto diet is a very low-carb, high-fat diet that encourages the body to use ketones as fuel rather than glucose. While in ketosis, the body uses ketones, which are byproducts of fat breakdown produced by the liver, as an alternative energy source.
The cyclical ketogenic diet is popular among those seeking muscle growth and improved exercise performance. The higher-carb days are often referred to as "refeeding days" as they replenish the body's depleted glucose reserves.
During the refeeding days, it is important to consume carbohydrates from healthy sources such as whole-wheat or brown-rice pasta, oats, sweet potatoes, beans, and quinoa. These complex carbs are high in vitamins, minerals, and fibre, which fuel the body and keep blood sugar levels stable.
While the cyclical ketogenic diet can be beneficial for muscle growth, it is important to note that there is limited research on this topic. The effectiveness of this diet for muscle growth may vary depending on individual factors such as genetics, activity levels, and overall health.
- Consume adequate protein: Protein is essential for muscle building as it is the building block of muscles. Aim for 0.7-0.9 grams of protein per pound of body weight.
- Determine your calorie intake: To build muscle, you need to consistently eat more calories than you burn. Calculate your maintenance calories and aim for a caloric surplus of about 15% above your maintenance level.
- Resistance training: Incorporate resistance training exercises such as squats, bench presses, pull-ups, and push-ups into your weekly routine. Aim for at least two resistance training sessions per week.
- Supplements: While not required, supplements may aid in muscle building. Consider a protein powder supplement or a creatine monohydrate supplement to support muscle growth and performance.
- Sleep: Proper sleep is crucial for muscle gain and exercise performance. Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night.
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It can be beneficial for those with Hashimoto's
Carb loading can be beneficial for those with Hashimoto's. Hashimoto's is an autoimmune thyroid condition that can cause hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid. Hypothyroidism is characterised by the thyroid gland's inability to produce enough thyroid hormones to regulate the body's metabolism.
A ketogenic diet can be a good way to manage Hashimoto's symptoms. The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, low-carb diet that shifts the body's metabolism from burning glucose to generating energy from fat. This metabolic state is known as ketosis. Ketosis can be achieved by restricting carbohydrate intake to no more than 50 grams of net carbs daily while obtaining the majority of calories from healthy fats.
However, there is some controversy over whether a ketogenic diet is beneficial for those with Hashimoto's. Some sources claim that a ketogenic diet can stress out the thyroid, while others argue that a cyclical ketogenic diet, which involves having one day a week with higher healthy carbs, can be beneficial for managing both Hashimoto's and blood sugars.
There is some evidence that a ketogenic diet can be beneficial for those with Hashimoto's. A 2016 study found that a low-carbohydrate diet in people with autoimmune thyroid conditions led to a significant decrease in thyroid antibody levels. However, it is difficult to tell whether the carb restriction, the removal of highly reactive foods, or a combination of the two, played a role in improving patient outcomes.
Another study found that a ketogenic diet resulted in lowered T3 levels and raised reverse T3 levels in healthy subjects. These were the same changes seen in starvation, where the body kicks into survival mode and slows down its metabolic rate. However, the body's metabolic rate remained stable, suggesting that the body was able to maintain energy balance without relying as heavily on T3 for metabolic regulation.
A carefully planned ketogenic diet that focuses on food quality and nutritional value can be particularly beneficial for individuals with hypothyroidism. This can help prevent nutrient deficiencies and reduce exposure to inflammatory foods and ingredients that can adversely affect thyroid function.
It is important to note that the type of ketogenic diet chosen is crucial. Many standard keto diets rely on low-quality, ultra-processed keto-friendly products, which can increase inflammation, contribute to weight gain, and aggravate hypothyroidism symptoms. Therefore, it is essential to consult a healthcare provider before starting a ketogenic diet, especially if you are taking medication.
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It can help improve hormonal balance
Carb loading, or a cyclical ketogenic diet, involves adhering to a standard keto diet for 5-6 days per week, followed by 1-2 days of higher carb consumption. This practice is not recommended for beginners, but for those who have already mastered the standard ketogenic diet. Carb loading can help improve hormonal balance, especially for women, in several ways.
Firstly, a ketogenic diet can help balance insulin, decreasing blood sugar levels and reducing the chances of developing type 2 diabetes. This is particularly beneficial for menopausal women who are already overweight and struggling to normalize blood sugar levels.
Secondly, keto can help improve hot flashes, which are tied to changes in estrogen levels and can affect both menopausal women and those with PCOS. Keto provides a constant source of fuel to the brain in the form of ketones, which is more easily utilized and kept at more stable levels than glucose.
Thirdly, the keto diet can protect brain health. Changes in reproductive hormones during menopause can decrease brain function, while PCOS and insulin problems put the brain at risk for complications like Alzheimer's and dementia. Keto provides the brain with an alternative source of fuel that prevents lapses in energy stability.
Additionally, keto can help balance the hormones that control appetite: ghrelin and leptin. It also stabilizes insulin, which is needed for post-meal energy use. As a result, you'll feel less hungry on the keto diet, leading to natural weight loss.
Finally, a keto diet can boost energy and improve sleep. Hormonal imbalances can disrupt sleep and sap your energy, but keto's nutrient-dense fats and protein provide a slower-burning form of energy with no post-meal crashes. Keto also helps to streamline cortisol levels, reducing stress and improving overall energy and sleep.
In conclusion, while a cyclical ketogenic diet may not be suitable for everyone, it can be a powerful tool for improving hormonal balance, particularly for women experiencing menopause, PCOS, or other hormonal issues.
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Frequently asked questions
A carb load day, also known as a "carb up" or "refeeding day," is when someone following a ketogenic diet intentionally consumes more carbohydrates than usual for a short period, typically one day or one meal. This kicks the body out of ketosis, but it is done in a controlled manner to return to keto afterward.
It is recommended to have a carb load day once a week or once every few months, depending on your goals and body. Some popular options are eating keto Monday to Friday and having a carb load day on Saturday, or eating keto all week and having a carb load day on Sunday.
It is recommended to have your carb load meal as the last meal of the day because you will be sleeping through the post-carb cravings and blood sugar highs and lows. It is also advised to have a heavy workout the next morning to achieve ketosis while optimizing muscle growth.
It is important to remember that a carb load day is not an excuse to cheat on your keto diet. Instead of eating high-carb junk food, opt for healthy carb options such as sweet potatoes, black beans, quinoa, apples, bananas, and whole wheat pasta.